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Chapter 8 Physics and the Cosmos

  Solar System . A short account of the solar system and comet by Bartholomew Burges, 1789 . Lesson 8.3 Measurements in Cosmology Activity 8.3. Answers to selected items in Measurements in Cosmology
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Chapter 7 Light

  Genesis 1: 1- 4. In the beginning, God created heaven and earth. Earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.  God said, “Let there be light”, and there was light. God saw that light was good. He separated light from darkness. God called the light Day, and darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning. It was the first day. Lesson 7.2 Light as Wave Activity 7.3. Part II Light As Wave. Answers to selected items

Chapter 6 Motion and the Laws of Physics

  Principia Mathematica . Sir Isaac Newton laid down the foundation of classical mechanics in Principia Mathematica, often referred to only as Principia. Newton used mathematics to explain the laws of motion which were proposed only as mere conjectures by scientists before him and during his times. In addition, Newton shares the honor with Leibnitz as the mathematician who invented calculus.  Lesson 6.2 Rectilinear Motion Example 5 & 6. Find distance, velocity, and time to finish Example 7, 8. 9. Find speed, distance, and time of a free-falling body Activity 6.2 Answers to selected items on rectilinear motion

Chapter 5 Models of the Universe

  Egyptian Cosmology . Geb the earth god, Nut the sky goddess above Geb, and Shu the sky god supporting Nut. (Picture: Tomb painting in Valley of the Kings, Thebes)

Chapter 4 Chemistry and Consumer Products

  Nefertiti . Queen of ancient Egypt from 1353 to 1336 BCE. She ruled the kingdom after her husband’s death. Her bust discovered in 1912 in Middle Egyptian site of Tell el-Amarna became the global icon of beauty and power.

Chapter 3 Chemical Change

  Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794). A French chemist who investigated the nature of combustion. He theorized that oxygen participates in combustion reaction. Burnt sulfur, for example, has a weight that is more than the original unburnt sulfur. Pieces of metal when burnt into metal ash weigh less than the products.  This he believed has to do with an element present in the atmosphere, and that element is oxygen.  Lesson 3.2 Basic Stoichiometry Example 2. Find the mass in grams of substances. Example 3. Find the relative quantities of nitrogen and hydrogen  Example 4. Find the desired quantity of hydrogen needed to produce a desired quantity of ammonia Example 6. Convert grams to moles. Example 7. Combination reaction between magnesium and oxygen Example 8. Find the limiting and excess reactant to produce ammonia Activity 3.2. Answers to selected questions on basic stoichiometry

Chapter 2 Polarity and Structure of Atoms

  Linus Carl Pauling (1901 – 1994). Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954.He is one of the early pioneers of quantum chemistry and molecular biology. He is one of the only two scientists in history who won two Nobel Prizes. His second is a Nobel Peace Prize which he received in 1962. Lesson 2.1 Polarity of Molecules Activity 2.1 Answers to selected items on polarity of molecules Lesson 2.2 Intramolecular & Intermolecular Forces Activity 2.2 Answers to selected items on TRUE or FALSE, and prediction on the type of intramolecular and intermolecular forces

Chapter 1 The Beginning

  Gaea  (Mother Earth)  was the primordial goddess of the early Greeks. She represented Earth and was worshipped as a universal mother. She was mother both to Greek gods and humans. According to Greek mythology, she created the universe and gave birth to the Titans, the first race of Greek gods. She presided over marriages and oaths and was also seen as a prophetess. Lesson 1.1 Formation of Elements Activity 1.2 Answers to selected items on nuclear reactions Activity 1.6 Answers to selected items on nuclear model and synthesis of elements Activity 1.7 Solution to nuclear reactions