Chapter 3 Chemical Change

Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794). A French chemist who investigated the nature of combustion. He theorized that oxygen participates in combustion reaction. Burnt sulfur, for example, has a weight that is more than the original unburnt sulfur. Pieces of metal when burnt into metal ash weigh less than the products. This he believed has to do with an element present in the atmosphere, and that element is oxygen.

Lesson 3.2 Basic Stoichiometry

Example 2. Find the mass in grams of substances.
Example 3. Find the relative quantities of nitrogen and hydrogen
Example 4. Find the desired quantity of hydrogen needed to produce a desired quantity of ammonia
Example 6. Convert grams to moles.
Example 7. Combination reaction between magnesium and oxygen
Example 8. Find the limiting and excess reactant to produce ammonia
Activity 3.2. Answers to selected questions on basic stoichiometry

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Chapter 7 Light

Genesis 1: 1- 4. In the beginning, God created heaven and earth. Earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters. God said, “Let there be light”, and there was light. God saw that light was good. He separated light from darkness. God called the light Day, and darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning. It was the first day. Lesson 7.2 Light as Wave Activity 7.3. Part II Light As Wave. Answers to selected items

Chapter 5 Models of the Universe

Egyptian Cosmology . Geb the earth god, Nut the sky goddess above Geb, and Shu the sky god supporting Nut. (Picture: Tomb painting in Valley of the Kings, Thebes)

Chapter 4 Chemistry and Consumer Products

Nefertiti . Queen of ancient Egypt from 1353 to 1336 BCE. She ruled the kingdom after her husband’s death. Her bust discovered in 1912 in Middle Egyptian site of Tell el-Amarna became the global icon of beauty and power.

Physical Science Journey into the Past, Present and Future of the Universe

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